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Another winter trip to New York (previously, previously) allowed me to see more cities in New England.
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One of the greatest churches in Manhattan is St. Thomas'. What appears today to be a masterful synthesis of French flamboyant and English perpendicular gothic in fact
arose from tensions between the architects working in partnership, Ralph Adams Cram & Bertram Goodhue. Cram's design had flamboyant elements, while Goodhue's was
perpendicular. The building we have is more French on the outside, with a very English reredos in a gloomy interior that could only make sense in Gotham City.
After their work at West Point and Princeton (below), Cram and Goodhue went their separate ways.
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Boston will forever be linked in the English imagination with the Boston Tea Party, which sparked punitive legislation from Parliament (including revoking the Massachusetts charter),
which in turn led to the Revolutionary War and the independence of the thirteen colonies declared at Philadelphia in 1776.
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Harvard University was founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature, though this was challenged by the authorities in London.
The Harvard campus is more eclectic and less architecturally distinguished than Princeton's (below).
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Princeton University was established by Royal Charter as the College Of New Jersey in 1746. Today the campus is full of
perpendicular gothic buildings in direct emulation of Oxford and Cambridge,
and has a dedicated station off the main railway line, served by a tiny train called the Dinky.
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The university chapel was designed by Ralph Adams Cram, possibly the greatest of the American architects, who also
did major work in New York as seen above. Woodrow Wilson (at that time president of the university) worked with Cram to create the campus master plan.
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The Graduate College is another exquisite work by Cram, but several of the other halls are by Charles Klauder and Frank Day. Their work pushed the limits of the perpendicular into what we now call art deco -
most obviously in Klauder's Cathedral Of Learning in Pittsburgh.
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